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Malard, A., & Jeannin, P. Y. (2013). Characterisation of karst aquifers in Switzerland: the KARSYS approach. European Geologist, 35, 59–63.
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Vouillamoz, J., & Jeannin, P. - Y. (2013). Eléments pour l'évaluation des dangers naturels en milieux karstiques. Mém. Soc. vaud. Sc. nat, 25, 83–91.
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Ballesteros, D., Malard, A., Jeannin, P. Y., Jiménez-Sánchez, M., García-Sansegundo, J., Meléndez-Asensio, M., et al. (2015). KARSYS hydrogeological 3D modeling of alpine karst aquifers developed into geological complex areas: Picos de Europa National Park (Spain). Environmental Earth Sciences, , DOI 10.1007/s12665–015.
Résumé: Karst aquifers are valuable groundwater resources whose management requires the use of functioning hydrogeological models. The KARSYS approach provides an explicit 3D conceptual model of the geometry and the functioning of karst aquifers that has been successfully applied in Swiss and Slovenian aquifers. In this work, KARSYS is applied in a complex geological area: the Picos de Europa National Park (Spain). The hydrogeological 3D model (500 km2) shows an alpine karst aquifer compartmentalized into 32 groundwater bodies dammed up by subvertical barriers creating elevated saturated zones (water tables at 1153 m asl) and lower ones (water tables at 145 m asl). The recharge is through 18 spring catchment areas. The groundwater flows to the saturated zones pass through vertical to inclined trajectories, and phreatic flows are oriented toward NW, NE and N. KARSYS can be applied to any geologically complex area at a regional scale, although the geological structure should be simplified and the precision in some places is low.
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Malard, A., & Jeannin, P. Y. (2015). Estimation des écoulements souterrains du système Siebenhengste (BE) / Schrattenfluh (LU) par l'application de l'approche KARSYS. Stalactite, 2, 38–53.
Résumé: Dans le cadre du projet Swisskarst (2010-2014) et d�un mandat complémentaire de l�OED du canton de Berne, l�ISSKA a procédé à l�application de l�approche KARSYS sur le territoire du Jura Bernois et à quelques sites karstiques spécifiques de l�Oberland, dont le système des Siebenhengste. Ce système s�étend jusqu�au massif de la Schrattenfluh dans le canton de Lucerne et alimente les sources de Bätterich et de Gelberbrunnen dans le lac de Thoune. Cette étude a permis de rassembler et de synthétiser un certain nombre de données géologiques, hydrogéologiques et spéléologiques récentes dans le but de proposer un modèle explicite de la géométrie de l�aquifère et des circulations principales dans la partie profonde du massif, ce qui n�a jamais fait l�objet de réelles investigations. Les résultats de l�application de KARSYS ont confirmé l�extension d�une zone noyée se développant dans les calcaires du Schrattenkalk jusqu�au massif de la Schrattenfluh. Malgré des incertitudes encore importantes l�interprétation hydrogéologique proposée est cohérente en tous points de l�aquifère et vient compléter les résultats des différents travaux réalisés sur le massif ces trente dernières années. L�application de l�approche KARSYS sur l�ensemble du massif a nécessité plus de 150 heures de travail, intégrant la compilation de données existantes jusqu�à l�établissement des modèles 3D.
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Malard, A., Jeannin, P. Y., Sinreich, M., Weber, E., Vouillamoz, J., & Eichenberger, U. (2014). Praxisorientierter Ansatz zur Kartographischen Darstellung von Karst-Grundwasserressourcen – Erfahrungen aus dem SWISSKARST-Projekt. Grundwasser – Zeitschrift der Fachsektion Hydrogeologie, 19(4), 237–249.
Résumé: Trotz ihrer großen Bedeutung als Wasserressource steht für Karst-Grundwasserleiter auch in der Schweiz eine systematische Abgrenzung und quantitative Beschreibung noch aus. Das Fehlen eines integralen Ansatzes zur Charakterisierung von Karstsystemen mag dazu beigetragen haben. Im Rahmen eines Projektes zur Dokumentation der Karst-Grundwasserleiter in der Schweiz (SWISSKARST) wurde mit der KARSYS-Methode ein pragmatischer Ansatz zur hydraulischen Charakterisierung einzelner Grundwasserleiter und Karstsysteme entwickelt. Eine Weiterentwicklung dieses Ansatzes beinhaltet ein Verfahren zur kartographischen 2D-Darstellung des erstellten 3D-Modellkonzepts, welche sowohl auf wissenschaftliche als auch auf Fragestellungen der Praxis ausgerichtet ist. Dazu werden zunächst mehrere thematische Karten mit den wichtigsten Eigenschaften der Karst-Grundwassersysteme erstellt, welche dann zu einer synthetisierten Karte zusammengefasst werden. In spite of their significant water resource, in Switzerland as well as in other countries, the location and extent of karst aquifers have not been systematically studied and documented yet – mainly due to the lack of systematic and dedicated approaches for their characterization. In the framework of a project aiming at documenting the karst aquifers in Switzerland (SWISSKARST Project) the pragmatic KARSYS approach has been elaborated to systematically assess the main characteristics of karst aquifers and karst systems. One part of this project deals with the development of a 2D karst hydrogeological map representation, which is designed to address both scientific and applied issues. A series of maps based on the approach is proposed to describe the main characteristics of karst groundwater systems resulting in a synthetized map which combines the information in a suitable way.
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Turk, J., Malard, A., Jeannin, P. - Y., Gabrovsek, F., Petric, M., Ravbar, N., et al. (2014). Hydrogeological interpretation of the alpine karst massif by application of a Karsys approach (Kanin case study, Julian Alps). Hydrological Processes, Published online in Wiley Online Library, DOI: 10.1002/hyp.10313.
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Malard, A., Jeannin, P. Y., Weber, E., Vouillamoz, J., Rickerl, D., & Eichenberger, U. (2014). Apport des outils 3D pour la caractérisation des aquifères karstiques: l'approche KARSYS. Karstologia, 2, 31–40.
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Jeannin, P. Y., Eichenberger, U., Sinreich, M., Vouillamoz, J., Malard, A., & Weber, E. (2013). KARSYS: a pragmatic approach to karst hydrogeological system conceptualisation. Assessment of groundwater reserves and resources in Switzerland. Environmental Earth Sciences, 69(3), 999–1013.
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Turk, J., Malard, A., Jeannin, P. Y., Vouillamoz, J., Petric, M., Gabrovsek, F., et al. (2013). Interpretation of hydrogeological functioning of a high karst plateau using the KARSYS approach: the case of Trovsko-Banjka planota (Slovenia). Acta Carsologica, 42(1), 61–74.
Résumé: The high karst plateau of Trnovsko-Banj�ka planota is one of the most important reservoirs of karst water in Slovenia. Almost all important karst springs in this area are captured for water supply. A sustainable management of this source of groundwater is of strategic importance, not only as drinking water supply but also for the economy. For these reasons, many hydrogeological monitoring studies have been carried out over the last decades. However, no consistent regional overview of the hydrogeological functioning of Trnovsko-Banj�ka planota was available and we decided to study this area with more direct approach based on 3D geological and hydrogeological models. The so called KARSYS approach was developed in Switzerland and applied primarily to characterize groundwater reserves within a karst massif, and to sketch the main flow-paths carrying groundwater from recharge areas to the respective springs. The delineation of spring catchment areas in karst regions was better defined and interactions between catchments were interpreted. These results can be used to improve the management of karst waters in the studied area.
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Ballesteros, D., Malard, A., Jeannin, P. Y., Jiménez-Sánchez, M., García-Sansegundo, J., Meléndez-Asensio, M., et al. (2015). Influence of the rivers on speleogenesis combining KARSYS approach and cave levels. Picos de Europa, Spain. In Hydrogeological and environmental investigations in karst systems. Environmental Earth Sciences (Vol. 1, pp. 599–607). Springer.
Résumé: The influence of rivers on speleogenesis is studied analyzing the cave
levels located in the underground drainage areas related to two fluvial basins. Cave
levels are analyzed through their vertical distribution profiles. The underground
limits of the fluvial basins are defined using a 3D geometric model of the karst
aquifer established according to the KARSYS approach. The aim of this work is to
analyze the influence of the rivers on cave evolution using cave morphology. The
study area corresponds to the Western and Central massifs of Picos de Europa
(Northern Spain), with 214 km of cave conduits up to 1.6 km vertical range. As a
result, we established two sequences of development of the cave levels related to
the differences of the incision rate of the Cares and Dobra Rivers, and the partial
capture of the Western Massif by the Cares River.
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McCormack T., Vouillamoz J., Malard A., Jeannin P.Y., & Gil L.W. (2016). Application of the KARSYS modelling technique to lowland karst catchments in Ireland. In Eurokarst, Neuchatel, 5-9th September 2016.
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Rickerl, D. (2016). Die Anwendung der Methode KARSYS im Kanton St. Gallen. Stalactite, 66 (2), 14–17.
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Vouillamoz, J., & McCormack, T. (2015). KARSYS approach – an explicit conceptual 3D model for karst hydrologeology. In Integrated Hydrogeology: Contemporary Principles, Policy & Practice. IAH, Irish Group. Proceedings of the 35th Annual Groundwater Conference – Tullamore Co. Offaly, Ireland, 21th and 22th April 2015 (Session V, pp. 11–18).
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Jeannin, P. - Y. (2015). KARSYS, KarstALEA, la spéléologie et le canton de Neuchâtel. Cavernes, .
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McCormack, T., Vouillamoz, J., Gil, L. W., & Lee, M. (2015). Modelling Inception Horizons and their Influence on Groundwater Flow Pathways in a Karstic Catchment. In Geoscience 2015, Dublin, November 2015, Poster.
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